Synthetic Dyes Used in Textile Industry

Synthetic Dyes in Textiles

Nikhil Yogesh Upadhye
Department of Textiles (Textile Chemistry)
DKTE’S Textile and Engineering Institute, Ichalkaranji, India
Intern at Textile Learner
Email: [email protected] Introduction
Synthetic dyes started with the development of synthetic organic chemistry. The earliest artificial dyes to be prepared were picric acid by Woulfe and aurine by Runge. However, they were not prepared commercially at the time due to high cost of raw material William.H.Perkin is considered as founder of synthetic dyes. In 1865, he prepared the first synthetic dye is called Perkins Mauve or Mauveine. After giving color to the textile substrate it looks attractive. Color is psychological sensation when light particular wavelength reaches to eye. Synthetic dyes are organic compounds used for imparting color to textile, paper, leather, plastic reasonably permanent fashion or permanent manner. Characteristics of True Dye:

In the synthetic dyes some of are insoluble some of soluble. They are applied on cotton, wool, silk rayon, acetate, polyester, nylon, acrylic, with different dyes as given below.


A. Water Soluble Dyes 1. Direct dye:
Direct dyes are normally carried out in neutral or slightly alkaline dye bath, at or near boiling point, with the addition of common salt or sodium sulphate or sodium carbonate. Direct dyes are used on cotton, paper, leather, wool, silk, and nylon. They are also used as pH indicators induce biological stains. This class of dyes derives its name from its property of getting direct affinity for cellulosic fibers when applied from a solution. Chemically, direct dyes are are sodium salts of aromatic sulphonic acids and most of them contain an azo group is the main chromophore. Various manufacturers in the market direct dyes under different trade names. Some examples of direct dyes are given below: | Manufacturer | Trade names | |